解剖学和形态学
麻醉学
听力与言语-语言病理学
行为科学
心脏和心血管系统
细胞和组织工程学
临床神经病学
危重症监护医学
牙科,口腔外科和医学
皮肤病学
急诊医学
内分泌学和新陈代谢
肠胃学和肝脏学
老人病学和老年医学
卫生保健科学和服务
血液学
免疫学
传染病
综合和补充性医学
医学伦理学
医学信息学
医学实验室技术
医学,全科和内科
医学,法律
医学,研究和试验
神经系统科学
护理
营养学和饮食学
产科医学和妇科医学
肿瘤学
眼科学
整形外科学
耳鼻喉科学
病理学
儿科学
周围血管疾病
药理学和药剂学
生理学
基本医疗保健
精神病学
公共、环境和职业卫生
放射学,核医学和医学成像
康复学
生殖生物学
呼吸系统
风湿病学
运动科学
外科学
毒理学
热带医学
泌尿学和肾脏学
病毒学
老年医学
健康政策和服务
心理学,临床
abstract::A 10-year experiment tested for variation in competition intensity over time in a natural grassland at the northern edge of the Great Plains. Growing-season precipitation varied fivefold during the study. All ecosystem-level variables varied significantly among years, and most covaried in expected ways. The covers of ...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/07-0587.1
更新日期:2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Understanding the scale of marine population connectivity is critical for the conservation and sustainable management of marine resources. For many marine species adults are benthic and relatively immobile, so patterns of larval dispersal and recruitment provide the key to understanding marine population connectivity....
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/07-0091.1
更新日期:2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although the ecological success of introduced species hinges on biotic interactions and physical conditions, few experimental studies--especially on animals--have simultaneously investigated the relative importance of both types of factors. The lack of such research may stem from the common assumption that native and ...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/07-0122.1
更新日期:2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Many young birds on the Arctic tundra are confronted by a challenging task: they must molt their feathers and accumulate fat stores for the autumn migration before climatic conditions deteriorate. Our understanding of the costs and constraints associated with these stages is extremely limited. We investigated post-juv...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/07-0696.1
更新日期:2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Predicting the dynamics of ecosystems requires an understanding of how trophic interactions respond to environmental change. In Antarctic marine ecosystems, food web dynamics are inextricably linked to sea ice conditions that affect the nature and magnitude of primary food sources available to higher trophic levels. R...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/06-1396.1
更新日期:2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::It is notoriously difficult to study population interactions among highly mobile animals that cannot be meaningfully confined to experimental plots of limited size. For example, migratory water birds are believed to suffer from competition with resident fish populations for shared food resources. While observational e...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/06-1981.1
更新日期:2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Inducible defenses are dynamic traits that modulate the strength of both plant-herbivore and herbivore-carnivore interactions. Surprisingly few studies have considered the relative contributions of induced plant and herbivore defenses to the overall balance of bottom-up and top-down control. Here we compare trophic ca...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/07-1731.1
更新日期:2007-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ecological theory predicts that generalist predators should damp or suppress long-term periodic fluctuations (cycles) in their prey populations and depress their average densities. However, the magnitude of these impacts is likely to vary depending on the availability of alternative prey species and the nature of ecol...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/06-0483.1
更新日期:2007-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::There has been a lengthy debate on whether the abundance of adult reef fishes depends on prerecruitment or postrecruitment processes; however, we still do not have the ability to predict the magnitude of local fish recruitment. Here we show that the success of the leopard grouper (Mycteroperca rosacea) recruitment in ...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/06-0857.1
更新日期:2007-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Replicated field experiments were used to quantify and to describe the mechanism of competition between the introduced black rat Rattus rattus and the endemic Santiago rice rat Nesoryzomys swarthi on Santiago Island, Galápagos Islands, Ecuador. The removal of R. rattus significantly slowed the rate of seasonal populat...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/06-1701.1
更新日期:2007-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The influence of pathogens on host fitness is one of the key questions in infection ecology. Hantaviruses have coevolved with their hosts and are generally thought to have little or no effect on host survival or reproduction. We examined the effect of Puumala virus (PUUV) infection on the winter survival of bank voles...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/06-1620.1
更新日期:2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The growth rate (GR) hypothesis relates the evolution of plant defense to resource availability and predicts that plants that have evolved in abiotically stressful environments grow inherently more slowly and are more constitutively resistant to herbivory than plants from more productive habitats. Stress-adapted plant...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/06-1329.1
更新日期:2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Piles of large wood (LW) deposited by major floods in river corridors can interact with naturally occurring wildfires from uplands to impact the regeneration of riparian vegetation. This study examines the spatial and short-term temporal response of riparian vegetation and soil nutrients to fire along the Sabie River,...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/06-1270.1
更新日期:2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Competition is predicted to affect the expression of inducible defenses, but because costs of behavioral and morphological antipredator defenses differ along resource gradients, its effects on defenses may depend on the traits considered. We tested the predictions from different defense models in tadpoles of the commo...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/06-1703.1
更新日期:2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The relationship between species richness and environmental variables may change depending on habitat structure, dispersal ability, species mixing, and community adaptation to the environment. It is crucial to know how these factors regulate the environment-diversity relationship. The land molluscan fauna of the Ogasa...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/06-1735.1
更新日期:2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The study of ecological differences among coexisting microparasites has been largely neglected, but it addresses important and unusual issues because there is no clear distinction in such cases between conventional (resource) and apparent competition. Here patterns in the population dynamics are examined for four spec...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/06-1004.1
更新日期:2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Soil microbial communities have the metabolic and genetic capability to adapt to changing environmental conditions on very short time scales. In this paper we combine biogeochemical and molecular approaches to reveal this potential, showing that microbial biomass can turn over on time scales of days to months in soil,...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/06-0164
更新日期:2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Patches, gradients, and hierarchies are three common organizational frameworks for assessing the effects of spatial heterogeneity on species distributions. Since these frameworks are often chosen a priori, without knowledge of study systems, they may not correspond to the empirical heterogeneity present and may result...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/06-0555
更新日期:2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Understanding river food webs requires distinguishing energy derived from primary production in the river itself (autochthonous) from that produced externally (allochthonous), yet there are no universally applicable and reliable techniques for doing so. We compared the natural abundance stable isotope ratios of hydrog...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/06-1184
更新日期:2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent advances in metabolic scaling theory have highlighted the importance of exchange surfaces and vascular network geometry in understanding the integration and scaling of whole-plant form and function. Additional work on leaf form and function has also highlighted general scaling relationships for many leaf traits...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/06-1158
更新日期:2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The importance of density dependence in natural communities continues to spark much debate because it is fundamental to population regulation. We used temporal manipulations of density to explore potentially stabilizing density dependence in early survivorship among six local populations of a tropical damselfish (Dasc...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/06-0970
更新日期:2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Development of a mechanistic understanding and predictions of patterns of biodiversity is a central theme in ecology. One of the most influential theories, the intermediate disturbance hypothesis (IDH), predicts maximum diversity at intermediate levels of disturbance frequency. The dynamic equilibrium model (DEM), an ...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/06-0976
更新日期:2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Floodplains are among the world's most threatened ecosystems due to the pervasiveness of dams, levee systems, and other modifications to rivers. Few unaltered floodplains remain where we may examine their dynamics over decadal time scales. Our study provides a detailed examination of landscape change over a 60-year pe...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/05-1149
更新日期:2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sea turtle nesting presents a potential pathway to subsidize nutrient-poor dune ecosystems, which provide the nesting habitat for sea turtles. To assess whether this positive feedback between dune plants and turtle nests exists, we measured N concentration and delta15N values in dune soils, leaves from a common dune p...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/06-0629
更新日期:2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fungal endophytes are found in asymptomatic photosynthetic tissues of all major lineages of land plants. The ubiquity of these cryptic symbionts is clear, but the scale of their diversity, host range, and geographic distributions are unknown. To explore the putative hyperdiversity of tropical leaf endophytes, we compa...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/05-1459
更新日期:2007-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Coupled trophic-engineer interactions are potentially important for maintaining habitat function and ecosystem services. As ephemeral submerged aquatic vegetation (SAV), Ruppia maritima has a short well-defined growth-senescence cycle and should benefit from any ecological interaction that enhances its physical condit...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/06-0375
更新日期:2007-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Optimal defense theories suggest that a trade-off between defense costs and benefits maintains genetic variation within plant populations. This study assessed the independent and interactive effects of genetic- and environment-based variation in aspen leaf chemistry on insect performance, preference, and defoliation. ...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/06-0064
更新日期:2007-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The debate about the value of the allometric scaling exponent (b) relating metabolic rate to body mass (metabolic rate = a x mass(b)) is ongoing, with published evidence both for and against a 3/4-power scaling law continuing to accumulate. However, this debate often revolves around a dichotomous distinction between t...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1890/05-1883
更新日期:2007-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Evolutionary theory suggests that divergent natural selection in heterogeneous environments can result in locally adapted plant genotypes. To understand local adaptation it is important to study the ecological factors responsible for divergent selection. At a continental scale, variation in climate can be important wh...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/0012-9658(2007)88[424:cvsfil]2.0.co;2
更新日期:2007-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Extreme events shape population and community trajectories. We report episodic mortality across common species of thousands of long-lived perennials individually tagged and monitored for 20 years in the Colorado Desert of California following severe regional drought. Demographic records from 1984 to 2004 show 15 years...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/0012-9658(2007)88[32:edasod]2.0.co;2
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The nature of nutrient limitation in large areas of temperate forest may be changing due to human activities. As N availability in these forests increases, other nutrients could increasingly constrain productivity and other ecosystem processes. To determine the nature of nutrient limitation (N, P, and Ca) in forest so...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/0012-9658(2007)88[119:nlised]2.0.co;2
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In view of growing interest in understanding how biodiversity affects ecosystem functioning, we investigated effects of riparian plant diversity on litter decomposition in forest streams. Leaf litter from 10 deciduous tree species was collected during natural leaf fall at two locations (Massif Central in France and Ca...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/0012-9658(2007)88[219:dodlmi]2.0.co;2
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Lianas (woody vines) are an important and dynamic component of many forests throughout the world, and increases in CO2, mean winter temperature, and forest fragmentation may promote their growth and proliferation in temperate forests. In this study, we used a 45-year data set to test the hypothesis that lianas have in...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/0012-9658(2006)87[2973:tdolat]2.0.co;2
更新日期:2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Global biodiversity decline has prompted great interest in the effects of habitat modification and diversity on the functioning and stability of ecosystem processes. However, the applicability of previous modeled or mesocosm community studies to real diverse communities in different habitats remains ambiguous. We expo...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/0012-9658(2006)87[3047:defaso]2.0.co;2
更新日期:2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Seed dispersal fundamentally influences plant population and community dynamics but is difficult to quantify directly. Consequently, models are frequently used to describe the seed shadow (the seed deposition pattern of a plant population). For vertebrate-dispersed plants, animal behavior is known to influence seed sh...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/0012-9658(2006)87[3160:iabisd]2.0.co;2
更新日期:2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Empirical and theoretical investigations of monocarpy have usually addressed the question of minimum or threshold sizes for reproduction. However, the range of flowering sizes observed in many monocarpic species is extraordinarily large (well beyond what can be called a "threshold"), and the sizes of flowering and non...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/0012-9658(2006)87[2755:apfrim]2.0.co;2
更新日期:2006-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::We explore the role of biophysical feedbacks occurring at the patch scale (spatial scale of tens of meters) that influence bivalve physiological condition and affect patch stability by developing a numerical model for the pinnid bivalve, Atrina zelandica, in cohesive sediments. Simulated feedbacks involve bivalve dens...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/0012-9658(2006)87[2862:fbbdfa]2.0.co;2
更新日期:2006-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The problem of scale dependency is widespread in investigations of ecological communities. Null model investigations of community assembly exemplify the challenges involved because they typically include subjectively defined "regional species pools." The burgeoning field of community phylogenetics appears poised to fa...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/0012-9658(2006)87[2418:tpapos]2.0.co;2
更新日期:2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recurrent, low-severity fire in ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa)/interior Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii var. glauca) forests is thought to have directly influenced nitrogen (N) cycling and availability. However, no studies to date have investigated the influence of natural fire intervals on soil processes in undi...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/0012-9658(2006)87[2511:ffanti]2.0.co;2
更新日期:2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Statistical thinking in wildlife biology and ecology has been profoundly influenced by the introduction of AIC (Akaike's information criterion) as a tool for model selection and as a basis for model averaging. In this paper, we advocate the Bayesian paradigm as a broader framework for multimodel inference, one in whic...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/0012-9658(2006)87[2626:mwatfo]2.0.co;2
更新日期:2006-10-01 00:00:00